East Africa’s economy continues to grow rapidly, with several nations emerging as regional powerhouses in 2025. Based on estimated nominal GDP, the top ten economies in East Africa highlight the diverse strengths of the region, from agriculture and services to tourism, trade, and digital innovation.
1. Kenya – $132 Billion
Kenya remains the largest economy in East Africa, with a nominal GDP of $132 billion. Nairobi serves as the financial and technology hub of the region, driving growth through banking, ICT, agriculture, and infrastructure. Kenya’s strategic role in trade, especially through the Port of Mombasa, reinforces its leadership position.
2. Ethiopia – $117 Billion
With a GDP of $117 billion, Ethiopia is the second-largest economy in the region. Its strength lies in agriculture, textiles, construction, and an expanding services sector. Despite challenges, Ethiopia continues to push ahead with industrialization and infrastructure projects, positioning itself as a future economic giant.
3. Tanzania – $85 Billion
Tanzania ranks third with a GDP of $85 billion. The economy is driven by mining, agriculture, and tourism, with Zanzibar playing an increasingly important role in hospitality. Investments in ports and energy infrastructure continue to fuel growth.
4. Uganda – $64 Billion
Uganda stands fourth with a nominal GDP of $64 billion. The country’s economy is supported by agriculture, oil exploration, and financial services. Kampala is also emerging as a hub for technology and innovation, strengthening Uganda’s regional influence.
5. Sudan – $32 Billion
Despite political and economic challenges, Sudan remains in the top five with a GDP of $32 billion. Its economy is heavily dependent on agriculture, livestock, and trade links across North-East Africa.
6. Madagascar – $18 Billion
Madagascar, with a GDP of $18 billion, continues to benefit from mining, agriculture, and tourism. The island nation is rich in natural resources and biodiversity, making it a unique player in the region.
7. Mauritius – $15 Billion
Mauritius, though small in size, is an influential financial hub with a GDP of $15 billion. Its diversified economy includes financial services, tourism, ICT, and textiles. Strong governance and investment policies make it a model for economic resilience.
8. Rwanda – $14 Billion
Rwanda has emerged as a fast-growing economy, reaching $14 billion in nominal GDP. Known for its business-friendly environment and digital innovation policies, Rwanda has attracted significant investment in services, ICT, and infrastructure.
9. Somalia – $13 Billion
Somalia ranks ninth with an estimated GDP of $13 billion. While the nation faces ongoing challenges, its economy benefits from remittances, livestock trade, and a growing entrepreneurial spirit among its people.
10. Burundi – $6 Billion
Burundi closes the list with a GDP of $6 billion. The economy remains largely agrarian, but there are ongoing efforts to diversify through trade and small-scale industry.
Regional Outlook
Together, Kenya, Ethiopia, Tanzania, and Uganda account for the majority of East Africa’s GDP, making them the economic backbone of the region. However, forecasts remain sensitive to global shocks, political stability, and internal reforms.
East Africa’s growth story continues to evolve, showing both resilience and opportunity. As nations diversify their economies and invest in infrastructure, the region is poised to remain one of Africa’s most dynamic economic frontiers.